Non-Planar Geometrical Effects on the Magnetoelectrical Signal in a Three-Dimensional Nanomagnetic Circuit

Expanding nanomagnetism and spintronics into three dimensions (3D) offers great opportunities for both fundamental technological studies. However, probing the influence of complex 3D geometries on magnetoelectrical phenomena poses important experimental theoretical challenges. In this work, we investigate signals a ferromagnetic nanodevice integrated microelectronic circuit using direct-write nanofabrication. Due to vectorial nature electrical current magnetisation, superposition several effects takes place. By performing measurements under application magnetic fields, in combination with macrospin simulations finite element modelling, disentangle superimposed effects, finding how geometry leads unusual angular dependences well-known magnetotransport such as anomalous Hall effect. Crucially, our analysis also reveals strong role noncollinear demagnetising fields intrinsic nanostructures, which results an dependent magnon magnetoresistance contributing strongly total signal. These findings are key understanding spintronic systems underpin further device-based